Did Paul undergo a development in his understanding of the Law? This question is not new. As early as 1850, Albrecht Ritschl had pointed out, in the first edition of his monograph, Die Entstehung der altkatholischen Kirche,1 that the two conceptions of the Law in Galatians and Romans were not entirely compatible with each other—did not wholly tally: in Galatians Paul equated elements of the Law with paganism, the governing factor being the dominant concern for the ceremonial
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